TOES – Transitive verbs
- T – Transitive
- O – takes を
-
E – え-row vowel + る
- きめる
- あける
- しめる
- S – often ends in ~す
Someone does something to something.
IGAR – Intransitive verbs
- I – Intransitive
- G – takes が
-
A – あ-row vowel in the pair
- きまる
- あく
- しまる
- R – ~る ending (often)
Something happens / ends up in a state.
It’s not perfect but it helps.







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