So, for this sentence in review, and very similar structure, I expected to use 決して, but no other alternate grammar shows it.
Or am I wrong? 
少しも carries an idea of “not even just a bit”. “You don’t listen to your kid, not even just a bit”.
消して however carries a strong idea of something that won’t happen, “by no means”, “definitely not”.
どんなに大変でも、日本語の勉強は消してやめない。 No matter how hard it is, I won’t ever stop learning Japanese (by no means).
So while both might be translated as “never”, the nuances are different.
決して comes across a bit like ‘most certainly ~ won’t /don’t’ in English. The 決して part by itself does not make something negative.
So in a sentence like this ‘You most certainly don’t listen to what your kids have to say’, it would sound like the speaker is just strongly asserting something/giving an opinion, rather than saying ‘never’
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