Hey @CrisH!
I’d like to first build upon what you’ve already said. Both ~み and ~さ nominalize adjectives. Note the following:
- Not all adjectives can nominalize into BOTH み and さ.
- When you’re using ~み (悲しみ・温かみ・厚み)you’re just describing what you see and making it a noun. Which is why you often see it as “-ness”: Sadness, Warmness (literal), Thickness. This doesn’t work with ALL adjectives, for example you can’t stay 大きみ since “bigness” isn’t really a thing, but…
- You can say how big a big thing is. 大きさ・重さ would be closer to “size” and “weight”, since you can measure it or compare levels of.
You really only would see this it if its an adjective that can only nominalize with み. You can confirm this by searching what would be the さ or み nominalizations and see if they come up in a dictionary. If they don’t, it’s safe to assume they can only be used with the one that did come up.
In the event of an adjective that can turn into both such as 悲しい, the meaning is almost interchangeable (so much of X that…) but, as the basic meaning of these nominalizations imply, み would focus on the quality itself while さ would focus on the amount of said quality, which is why this one is more used.
But at the end of the day I don’t think it’s a big change.